Linux基础命令（系统信息类）

今天给大家展示一下多用于查看系统状态信息的命令分别是lscpufreedfuptime,uname以及wlscpu #查看cpu信息Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 1 #核心数 On-line CPU(s) list: 0 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 1 Socket(s): 1 #cpu颗数 NUMA node(s): 1 Vendor ID: AuthenticAMD CPU family: 23 Model: 96 Model name: AMD Ryzen 7 4800H with Radeon Graphics Stepping: 1 CPU MHz: 2894.561 BogoMIPS: 5789.12 Hypervisor vendor: VMware Virtualization type: full L1d cache: 32K L1i cache: 32K L2 cache: 512K L3 cache: 4096K NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2free #查看内存和swap[rootbackup ~]# free # 总大小 已使用 空闲 共享内存 缓冲/缓存 可用内存 total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 2027868 178760 1716552 9792 132556 1702516 Swap: 2097148 0 2097148 [rootbackup ~]# free -h #以人类可读形式展示 total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 1.9G 174M 1.6G 9.6M 129M 1.6G Swap: 2.0G 0B 2.0G [rootbackup ~]# free -m #以MB为单位展示 total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 1980 174 1676 9 129 1662 Swap: 2047 0 2047df #分区使用情况[rootbackup ~]# df #硬件名称 大小 已用 可用 使用率 挂载点 Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 1001920 0 1001920 0% /dev tmpfs 1013932 0 1013932 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1013932 9792 1004140 1% /run tmpfs 1013932 0 1013932 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 49250820 2638936 46611884 6% / /dev/sda1 1038336 140696 897640 14% /boot tmpfs 202788 0 202788 0% /run/user/0 [rootbackup ~]# df -h #以人类可读形式展示 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 979M 0 979M 0% /dev tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 991M 9.6M 981M 1% /run tmpfs 991M 0 991M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 47G 2.6G 45G 6% / /dev/sda1 1014M 138M 877M 14% /boot tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0 [rootbackup ~]# df -i #显示inode使用情况 Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on devtmpfs 250480 390 250090 1% /dev tmpfs 253483 1 253482 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 253483 749 252734 1% /run tmpfs 253483 16 253467 1% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root 24637440 62489 24574951 1% / /dev/sda1 524288 326 523962 1% /boot tmpfs 253483 1 253482 1% /run/user/0 [rootbackup ~]# df -T #查看文件系统类型 Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on devtmpfs devtmpfs 1001920 0 1001920 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 1013932 0 1013932 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 1013932 9792 1004140 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 1013932 0 1013932 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 49250820 2638944 46611876 6% / /dev/sda1 xfs 1038336 140696 897640 14% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 202788 0 202788 0% /run/user/0uptime #查看系统负载情况[rootbackup ~]# uptime # 当前时间 运行时长 目前连接数 平均负载 一分钟 五分钟 十五分钟 17:04:20 up 4:50, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05w #与uptime类似查询谁登陆了系统并且正在做什么[rootbackup ~]# w 17:06:28 up 4:52, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root pts/0 10.0.0.1 12:26 3:07m 0.08s 0.08s -bash root pts/1 10.0.0.1 13:55 4.00s 0.16s 0.00s w #登录用户 终端 哪个IP链接的 登陆时间 正在执行什么命令uname #查看系统名[rootbackup ~]# uname Linux [rootbackup ~]# uname -a #查看完整的系统内核版本 Linux backup 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [rootbackup ~]# uname -r #查看内核版本号 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64拓展内容whereiswhichman--help这四个命令都是用于查询命令相关接下来我给大家展示一下具体用法which #查询命令位置[rootbackup ~]# which cd /usr/bin/cdwhereis #which进阶版查询命令位置及其帮助[rootbackup ~]# whereis cd cd: /usr/bin/cd /usr/share/man/man1/cd.1.gz /usr/share/man/mann/cd.n.gzman #查询命令帮助中括号中的内容可以省略[rootbackup ~]# man pwd PWD(1) User Commands PWD(1) NAME #命令简介 pwd - print name of current/working directory SYNOPSIS #命令格式 pwd [OPTION]... DESCRIPTION #选项 Print the full filename of the current working directory. -L, --logical use PWD from environment, even if it contains symlinks -P, --physical avoid all symlinks --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit--help #查询命令帮助[rootbackup ~]# rm --help Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE... #命令格式 Remove (unlink) the FILE(s). #命令简介 #以下为命令选项 -f, --force ignore nonexistent files and arguments, never prompt -i prompt before every removal -I prompt once before removing more than three files, or when removing recursively; less intrusive than -i, while still giving protection against most mistakes --interactive[WHEN] prompt according to WHEN: never, once (-I), or always (-i); without WHEN, prompt always --one-file-system when removing a hierarchy recursively, skip any directory that is on a file system different from that of the corresponding command line argument --no-preserve-root do not treat / specially --preserve-root do not remove / (default) -r, -R, --recursive remove directories and their contents recursively -d, --dir remove empty directories -v, --verbose explain what is being done --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit By default, rm does not remove directories. Use the --recursive (-r or -R) option to remove each listed directory, too, along with all of its contents. To remove a file whose name starts with a -, for example -foo, use one of these commands: rm -- -foo rm ./-foo Note that if you use rm to remove a file, it might be possible to recover some of its contents, given sufficient expertise and/or time. For greater assurance that the contents are truly unrecoverable, consider using shred. GNU coreutils online help: http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ For complete documentation, run: info coreutils rm invocation